I was in the same situation for, not as long, but a few months when covid first hit, which is kind of understandable, but I wanted my own place to stay and in order to do that I needed a job, but if I wanted to work, I had to leave my parents house.
I personally took my friends offer and stayed with them and found a job, saved for a while, and then was able to find a roomate to bunk with so I wasn't paying as much as I would have if I found my own place, since it would obviously cost 2x as much paying for everything alone.
In a situation like you are in yourself, having no phone, computer, etc., I would find out the maximum stay time with your friend, if it is only a few days, or even a few weeks, and look in the area for jobs that are hiring to get started. I wouldn't find one place and put an application in, I would look at multiple and apply to multiple, kind of like applying for colleges.
Wait for any approvals, and maybe your friend has a computer or something to where the job can email you to, and then first things first I would get a phone. Depending on the pay period you have, it'll take a few weeks to get a first paycheck (a lot of jobs withhold your first paycheck).
Then, maybe talk to your friend, if they live by themselves or with parents, I would talk to them and see if you were to pay a certain amount a week, if you could stay longer, offer to help with whatever they need help with.
Another important thing you would need, is a car. So I would definitely be putting money into a savings account to be put towards a car and a place to stay.
Then maybe once you save a bit see if there are any peope selling any cars, even if it is a beater, just so you have something to get from point A to point B. Then you can work on getting somewher to stay.
A lot of places renting out apartments will want either first and last months rent up front, or first rent and a security depoisit, so look into places and see if there are any cheapish ones around for now, and start putting money aside for them, thatway you have something towards that.
Now, if you cannot stay with your friend very long, then I would definietly ask your boss, once you get a job, if you can pick up overtime. When working overtime, you get paid time and a half.
If you don't know what that is, it means if you work more than 40 hours a week, you get paid whatever your make + half of what you make.
So if you make $12 an hour, working overtime you wourl get paid $18 an hour.
So that is another way to make money. Once you get a place, see if your parents will let you take your stuff from your room that you need, bed, clothes, etc. And that can be a start to furnishing.
I hope this helps maybe a little. It may not, but I am trying to just throw an idea out there.