Bonsai said:
Usually 15 to like 18ish
This^
But I'd like to add that Raven feathers (available during the Halloween event) can be used on a wolf to decrease their chnace of dying. Your wolf has a chance to live 20-26 years when using raven feathers. Without the feather, most wolves die around 16-18 years old. With the feather being used every year (after 15 y/o), you're more likely to see them live to be 20+
Edit: corrected the age :)